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<title>Patrick Trevor-Roper</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Patrick Trevor-Roper</span></span>

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<p><b>Patrick Dacre Trevor-Roper</b> (7 June 1916 – 22 April 2004) was a British eye surgeon, author and pioneer <a href="Gay_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Gay rights">gay rights</a> activist, who played a leading role in the campaign to decriminalise homosexuality in the UK.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_and_career">Life and career</h2></div>

<p>He was born in <a href="Northumberland" title="Northumberland">Northumberland</a>, the son of a doctor, and the brother of historian <a href="Hugh_Trevor-Roper" title="Hugh Trevor-Roper">Hugh Trevor-Roper</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was educated at <a href="Charterhouse_School" title="Charterhouse School">Charterhouse</a>, the <a href="University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">University of Cambridge</a> and the Westminster Medical School. During his education he bunked next to leading eye surgeon E F King in the hospital air raid shelter, and was inspired by him to pursue ophthalmology.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During <a href="World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> he served in the <a href="Royal_New_Zealand_Army_Medical_Corps" title="Royal New Zealand Army Medical Corps">Royal New Zealand Army Medical Corps</a> in the <a href="Mediterranean" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean">Mediterranean</a>. After the war he became a specialist in <a href="Ophthalmology" title="Ophthalmology">ophthalmic surgery</a>, and divided his working life between work in public hospitals and a lucrative private practice in <a href="London" title="London">London</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-independent_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-independent-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In 1945, Trevor-Roper's friends <a href="Edward_Sackville-West" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Sackville-West">Edward Sackville-West</a>, artist and art dealer <a href="Eardley_Knollys" title="Eardley Knollys">Eardley Knollys</a> and the music critic <a href="Desmond_Shawe-Taylor_(music_critic)" title="Desmond Shawe-Taylor (music critic)">Desmond Shawe-Taylor</a> jointly bought Long Crichel House, a Georgian <a href="Rectory" class="mw-redirect" title="Rectory">rectory</a> in <a href="Long_Crichel" title="Long Crichel">Long Crichel</a>, Dorset. Trevor-Roper lived there for a time and along with his friends established "one of the last great post-war salons, hosting guests including <a href="Sybil_Colefax" class="mw-redirect" title="Sybil Colefax">Sybil Colefax</a>, <a href="Anthony_Asquith" title="Anthony Asquith">Anthony Asquith</a>, <a href="Graham_Sutherland" title="Graham Sutherland">Graham Sutherland</a>, <a href="Lord_Berners" title="Lord Berners">Lord Berners</a>, <a href="Nancy_Mitford" title="Nancy Mitford">Nancy Mitford</a>, <a href="Benjamin_Britten" title="Benjamin Britten">Benjamin Britten</a>, <a href="Laurie_Lee" title="Laurie Lee">Laurie Lee</a>, <a href="Ben_Nicolson" class="mw-redirect" title="Ben Nicolson">Ben Nicolson</a>, <a href="Cecil_Day-Lewis" title="Cecil Day-Lewis">Cecil Day-Lewis</a> and <a href="Graham_Greene" title="Graham Greene">Graham Greene</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In 1955 Trevor-Roper agreed to appear as a witness before the <a href="Wolfenden_report" title="Wolfenden report">Wolfenden Committee</a> which had been appointed by the British government to investigate, among other things, whether male homosexuality should remain a crime.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was one of only three men who could be found to appear as openly gay witnesses before the Committee. The others were the journalist <a href="Peter_Wildeblood" title="Peter Wildeblood">Peter Wildeblood</a>, who had been convicted of a homosexual offence, and <a href="Carl_Winter" title="Carl Winter">Carl Winter</a>, director of the <a href="Fitzwilliam_Museum" title="Fitzwilliam Museum">Fitzwilliam Museum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trevor-Roper and Winter came forward to counteract the bad impression they felt Wildeblood would make.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Trevor-Roper told the Wolfenden Committee that the majority of gay men led normal and well-adjusted lives, posed no threat to children or public morality, and that homosexuality was not a physical or mental illness. He pointed out that the existing laws did nothing but encourage blackmailers. He argued that the <a href="Age_of_consent" title="Age of consent">age of consent</a> should be lowered to 16, and told the committee that many young gay men committed or attempted suicide because of isolation or depression induced by <a href="Homophobia" title="Homophobia">homophobia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>These were highly controversial views in the 1950s. Trevor-Roper's testimony helped persuade the Committee to recommend that male homosexuality should be decriminalised, which was finally done, after a long political struggle, in 1967.

</p><p>Trevor-Roper remained an active gay rights activist, campaigning in particular for the abolition of the discriminatory age of consent laws. The 1967 law set the age of consent for male homosexuals at 21, while the heterosexual age of consent was 16. When the <a href="AIDS" class="mw-redirect" title="AIDS">AIDS</a> epidemic appeared in the early 1980s, Trevor-Roper was one of the founders of the <a href="Terrence_Higgins_Trust" title="Terrence Higgins Trust">Terrence Higgins Trust</a>, the United Kingdom's leading AIDS service organisation, which held its first meeting at his home.

</p><p>The other cause to which Trevor-Roper devoted himself was better access to ophthalmic medicine, both in the United Kingdom and in African countries. He campaigned successfully for the repeal of British laws which prevented the sale of cheap spectacles, against the resistance of the opticians' lobby. In 1983, he helped finance Peter Risdon in his successful challenge to the opticians' monopoly in the UK, a challenge that led directly to the legalisation of the sale of reading glasses without prescription. He founded the <a href="Haile_Selassie" title="Haile Selassie">Haile Selassie</a> Eye Hospital in <a href="Addis_Ababa" title="Addis Ababa">Addis Ababa</a>, <a href="Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a> and assisted in the founding of similar hospitals in <a href="Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> and <a href="Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a>.

</p><p>Trevor-Roper was a lover of architecture and active in heritage conservation causes in the United Kingdom at a time when this was not a fashionable cause. He was a founding Trustee of the <a href="Spitalfields_Historic_Buildings_Trust" title="Spitalfields Historic Buildings Trust">Spitalfields Historic Buildings Trust</a> and his house was used as the office for the Thirties Society, later the <a href="Twentieth_Century_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Twentieth Century Society">Twentieth Century Society</a> which he helped to found.

</p><p>In his 1970 book <i>The World Through Blunted Sight</i>, he explored how faulty or failing eyesight affected the style and technique of writers and artists. Looking at the effects of myopia, cataracts, colour blindness, squints and total blindness he speculated on what the impact would have been on artists had they worn glasses.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Trevor-Roper was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease in 2003 and with cancer in 2004, and died in April of that year. He was survived by Herman Chan, his partner of many years.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2></div>

<p>The Patrick Trevor Roper Award is an award for undergraduate medical students from the UK and the Republic of Ireland in Ophthalmology.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2></div>

<ul><li>Trevor-Roper, Patrick (1970) <i>The World Through Blunted Sight: An inquiry into the influence of defective vision on art and character</i>. London: Thames & Hudson <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">

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</style><a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0500490044</bdi></li>

<li>Trevor-Roper, Patrick (1980) <i>Lecture Notes in Ophthalmology</i>. London: Blackwell Science <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0632006427</bdi></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>

<ul><li>Higgins, Patrick (1996) <i>Heterosexual Dictatorship: Male Homosexuality in Postwar Britain</i>. London: Fourth Estate</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1460505/Patrick-Trevor-Roper.html">"Patrick Trevor-Roper [Obituary]"</a>. 29 April 2004.</cite> <a href="The_Telegraph_(London)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Telegraph (London)">The Telegraph</a>. Retrieved 2 February 2020</span>

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<li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFRichmond2004" class="citation journal cs1">Richmond, Caroline (8 May 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC406337">"Patrick Trevor-Roper"</a>. <i>British Medical Journal</i>. <b>328</b> (7448): 1137. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmj.328.7448.1137">10.1136/bmj.328.7448.1137</a>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0959-8138">0959-8138</a>. <a href="PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC406337">406337</a></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-independent-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-independent_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDarwent2004" class="citation cs2">Darwent, Charles (4 May 2004), "Obituary: Patrick Trevor-Roper", <i><a href="The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i></cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haslemereherald.com/article.cfm?id=109984&headline=Life%20and%20times%20of%20artist%20in%20public%20gaze&sectionIs=newssearchyear=2016">"Life and times of artist in public gaze"</a>. <i>Farnham Herald</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://friendsoffriendlesschurches.org.uk/fight-for-your-rights/">Fight for your rights - Friends of Friendless Churches</a>. Retrieved 8 October 2020</span>

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<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFRichmond2004" class="citation journal cs1">Richmond, Caroline (8 May 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC406337">"Patrick Trevor-Roper"</a>. <i>BMJ: British Medical Journal</i>. <b>328</b> (7448): 1137. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmj.328.7448.1137">10.1136/bmj.328.7448.1137</a>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0959-8138">0959-8138</a>. <a href="PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC406337">406337</a></span>.</cite> Retrieved 14 November 2020</span>

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<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMenninger1964" class="citation book cs1">Menninger, Karl (1 January 1964). <i>The Wolfenden Report</i>. Lancer. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-8142927522</bdi>.</cite> <span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{cite book}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment">ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)</span></span>

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<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Trevor-Roper, Patrick (1970) <i>The World Through Blunted Sight: An inquiry into the influence of defective vision on art and character</i>. London: Thames & Hudson</span>

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<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20140621175408/http://www.rcophth.ac.uk/page.asp?section=320&sectionTitle=Awards+and+Prizes">"Awards and Prizes"</a>. <i>The Royal College of Ophthalmologists</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rcophth.ac.uk/page.asp?section=320&sectionTitle=Awards+and+Prizes">the original</a> on 21 June 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite></span>

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</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7147752#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1835" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7147752#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1835" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Authority control databases </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121210187">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/12434421">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.worldcat.org/fast/1972672">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJvxtDR4xF3T8cfykyMByd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/122902963">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81003871">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12839716x">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12839716x">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p074327933">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Trevor-Roper, Patrick Dacre, 1916-2004"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000302764&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007324708005171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500290752">ULAN</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/074621459">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lux.collections.yale.edu/view/person/b13da41a-8b3e-4656-a665-d5dddc5e693c">Yale LUX</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2024-12-01" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Patrick_Trevor-Roper&oldid=1260654025">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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